Chthon pronunciation. The symbol (r) indicates that British pronunciation will have /r/ only if a vowel sound follows directly at the beginning of the next word, as in far away; otherwise the /r/ is omitted. Chthon pronunciation

 
 The symbol (r) indicates that British pronunciation will have /r/ only if a vowel sound follows directly at the beginning of the next word, as in far away; otherwise the /r/ is omittedChthon pronunciation Define chthonian

Pronunciation of chthonian with 2 audio pronunciations. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. Searching. facepalm little magic tricks huh, the guy was. Chthon is simply too powerful AND clever. Listen to the pronunciation of Chthon (Quake) and learn how to pronounce Chthon (Quake) correctly. 4 Dislike Share Save. Chthon Earth-616. Very difficult. #1 Edited By XxdeathmakerxX. Also known as Absolute Kinesis, All Manipulation, Kinetipotence, Omnikinetic Manipulation, Omnikinesis, Unrestricted Manipulation. It is very important to understand that the letters of the alphabet do NOT always represent the same sounds of English. Look through examples of Chthon translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. Listen to the pronunciation of Chthon and learn how to pronounce Chthon correctly. . Tell students how and where to place their tongue to pronounce sounds like “th” and “l. Permission to use microphone is blocked. Today's Posts; Member List; Calendar; Forum; Quake Talk; Quake Central; If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. Explain how you press your lips together to make a “b,” then quickly use your tongue to make the “l” in “blur. 13 years ago. "you gotta be kidding. Chthon synonyms, Chthon pronunciation, Chthon translation, English dictionary definition of Chthon. English (UK) Pronunciation. Near a Dwarven pillar on the shore of the Inner Sea. There are 113 secrets across 32 levels, as well as several unmarked secrets (which don't count as official secrets but often have. 1 comment. He was also the most dedicated, soon becoming the Earth's first dark mage after millions of years. We learn this as Chthon possesses Wanda. He started it when he was in the US Army, so it has a long prison sequence that is reminiscent of that experience, being dark and grim. A mere fraction of Chthon's power had one Maximoff twin causing epic-scale reality bending on a whim. He is the creator-god, and god of sun and fertility; originally an Elder God known. How to say shoshone in English? Pronunciation of shoshone with 5 audio pronunciations, 9 synonyms, 2 meanings, 3 translations, 24 sentences and more for shoshone. he is a top-tier Abstract-level being, >= The Phoenix Force. 24. 14B. His name derives from chthon, the Greek word for "earth" and "earthly", especially pertaining to earth that was not life giving soil, but dark like that of the grave or the underworld. Chthon was Piers Anthony's first published novel in 1967, written over the course of seven years. Tongue twister. Definition of chthonic in the Definitions. the. You can also get CDs from Death in Pieces Records and Chaos and Hell. East of Alavelis. Created by Lapis_Lazuli. CHTHONIAN definition: of or relating to the underworld | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples in American English Chthonic, of or relating to earth, particularly the Underworld. Pronunciation of chthonic with 2 audio pronunciations. Eremite by Chthon, released 20 May 2023 1. net dictionary. First introduced as The Other in 1975's Marvel Chillers #1 by Marv Wolfman, Bill Mantlo, Ed Hannigan and Yong Montano, Chthon was the most malicious of his siblings. Unlock premium audio pronunciations. 1 comment. Register Sign in. 他是地球最早的黑魔法大師,致力於追求那些不該存在之事物的知識,如同多數舊神,墮落為惡魔。. Telvanni Peninsula is located in northeastern Tamriel and its underworld is Apocrypha. Its sequel is Phthor and two additional novels in the series were written by Charles Platt: Plasm and Soma. from and chthon (the ground) Strong's Number 2709 TDNT Entry 3:633,421 PREVIOUS Katacheo NEXT Katachraomai. (Comparable to Blastaar and the Negative Zone currently) " Battle takes place in a. He is a member of the elder-gods and a cosmic-tier villain comparable to both a god and a demon. . Chthon is widely used in the cities of. Start Free Trialchthonic pronunciation. Vasei in Necrom for. The video. The Big Bad of Alone in the Dark (1992) is an undead pirate named Pregzt,. In the Earth-616 Marvel universe, Chthon is one of the Elder Gods: powerful, ancient beings who ruled Earth for a million years. How to say Chiron in English? Pronunciation of Chiron with 7 audio pronunciations, 2 synonyms, 1 meaning, 6 translations, 23 sentences and more for Chiron. Definition and meaning can be found here:aldol condensation of benzaldehyde and acetone; thank you gift bag ideas for adults; premier league top scorers 2017Chthon, in all likelihood, is the most powerful of the elder gods (bar Atum of course) and should be fairly powerful. chthon is not an. Daichi m Japanese. 1. example: *lee matches names which end with the sound lee _ is a wildcard that will match exactly one letter in the pronunciationcrossed aldol condensation of benzaldehyde and acetone; thank you gift bag ideas for adults; premier league top scorers 2017HowToPronounce. The house was founded by Lord Chthon, and. I think i remember reading somewhere that it Chthon found his way back to the main marvel universe he'd be capable of destroying all life in the multiverse. In the Middle Ages speakers of English, from Middle English onward, pronounced Latin not as the ancient Romans did, but in the way that. Learn the definition of 'Chthon'. There is a general feeling that English pronunciation is not worth teaching. Chthonic and Olympian []. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. It features Aton Five, a space man who commits the crime of falling in love with the dangerous alluring Minionette and is. Necrom Skyshards. Scarlet Witch drew her magic from Chthon in the comics, and it’s quite possible we find out that something similar is happening with Wanda in the MCU. Chthon or cyttorak ". Crom might be one of the Elder God's considering that he was "one" of the 1st immortals of Earth, but there is a problem with the continuity of Conan comics vs the mainstream Marvel universe. I have always seen him more powerful than Shuma (though loses to Shuma as. Katachthonios Meaning - New Testament Greek Lexicon (NAS) Join PLUS Login. He is the creator-god, and god of sun and fertility; originally an Elder God known. 0. Is it 'pronunciation' or 'pronounciation'?Chthon is much more poweful, this is a spite thread. In the 6th. 14 B. Raised with Catholic teachings, she arrived in New Orleans in 1809 after a slave revolt and originally made a living as a hairdresser. Typically 7" by 4. Check out the pronunciation, synonyms and grammar. The Greek word chthon means the Earth. American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. also chtho·ni·an adj. She began acting at age six, with early roles in the supernatural horror film The Amityville Horror (2005), the drama ser. EmptyHand 4 y 2 mo 18 d. This battle is like comparing Demogorge to Shuma-Gorath. Simply select a language and press on the speaker button to listen to the pronunciation of the word. com - Being exactly one-half good and one-half evil has advantages. Billions of years ago, the Elder God Chthon transcribed all of the dark magical knowledge of the time—the most repugnant and terrifying spells. To clear this location and mark it as complete, you need to kill the following boss:Search Chthon (Marvel Comics) on Amazon. A number of creatures believing themselves to be demons or dark lords were in fact third tier mutants manipulated by the Celestials. Chthon is known as one of the most powerful dark magicians in all of Marvel. NAS Word Usage under the. 1. Click the "Allow" button above to enable your microphone. Originally written on flesh before being transcribed to stone and later a collection of parchments often referred to as the Chthon Scrolls. O Nascimento De Chthon. The ancient myth of autochthony in historiography is the belief of the historian, or of the tribe itself, that they were indigenous, the first humans to inhabit their possessed land. Listen to the audio pronunciation of Chthon (Quake) on pronouncekiwi. Define chthonic. . 2 Pronunciation 1. Last updated November 22, 2023. This page is about how we pronounce the letters of the alphabet when we "say the alphabet (ABC. Chthon is not only a demon, but the one responsible for actually authoring the Darkhold. Because according to Gillen, Hell Lords are supreme in their realm. The sentence "Ph'nglui mglw'nafh Cthulhu R'lyeh wgah'nagl fhtagn" can be translated by "In his house at R'lyeh dead Cthulhu waits dreaming". he is the supreme-most being of the dark arts in the Marvel Universe. /x/ represents a fricative sound as in /lɒx/ for Scottish loch, Irish. Chthon ギリシャ 語で言う方法 ? 発音のもの04 オーディオ 発音, 1 意味, 以Chthonになります。Unlock premium audio pronunciations. ↔ La maison de chton a de nombreuses portes fermées. 2 音频发音, 更为 Chthon. Learn how to correctly say a word, name, place, drug, medical and scientific terminology. Chthon vs Dormammu. With a little planning Chthon would probably win. Now for the title of World Champion here we go. London3. By Adam Barnhardt - April 2, 2022 05:34 pm EDT. But me my mother Themis And Gaia, one form called by many names, Not once alone with voice oracular Had prophesied how power should be disposed- Antichthon definition: . Greek khthon is one of several words for "earth"; it typically refers to the interior of the. 1928 February, H[oward] P[hillips] Lovecraft, “The Call of Cthulhu”, in Farnsworth Wright, editor, Weird Tales: A Magazine of the Bizarre. Charlton Athletic F. Originally written on flesh before being transcribed to stone and later a collection of parchments often referred to as the Chthon Scrolls. He was also the most dedicated, soon becoming the Earth's first dark mage after millions of. The sentence "Ph'nglui mglw'nafh Cthulhu R'lyeh wgah'nagl fhtagn" can be translated by "In his house at R'lyeh dead Cthulhu waits dreaming". por | May 7, 2022 | small exercise equipment for home | brazil ukraine comedian | May 7, 2022 | small exercise equipment for home | brazil ukraine comedianLevel exit. Marvel Comics villain Chthon could turn out to be the main antagonist in Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness. Learn more. Chthon. Define chthonian. pronouncekiwi - How To Pronounce Chthon (Quake) pronouncekiwi Listen to the pronunciation of Chthon (Quake) and learn how to pronounce Chthon (Quake) correctly. Learn how to say Chthonian with EmmaSaying free pronunciation tutorials. "The devil is in the detail" (Darkhold), Agnes turns to Wanda, "that's not the. But in his defense, even Dormammu spoke of him in awe (calling him "Great". Knull Earth's heroes saw Chthon and fought him before Knull is a bigger threat than any world hero has ever seen before. How do you say chthon, learn the pronunciation of chthon in PronounceHippo. Gameclips always. Squush. Chthon escaped. 150,000. @Baldy: I wonder why the logical question ( and the one that must appear in. Chthon + Add translation Add Chthon "Chthon" in English - French dictionary. Cover Artist: Russell Dauterman. Start your 7-day free trial to receive access to high fidelity premium pronunciations. 1 rating. . Chthon Plaza. Moderate. According to Marvel Comics, Chthon has been around since the creation of Earth itself. Definition of chthonic in the Definitions. 9B. Dr Manhattan (Watchmen) - vs - Chthon #. also chtho·ni·an adj. Definition and meaning can. Chthon is one of the Elder Gods of Earth and the planet's first master of black magic. 9%. Wong to Scarlet Witch Chthon is a demonic entity who prophesied the existence of Scarlet Witch and carved his knowledge onto the walls of the Darkhold Castle atop Mount Wundagore, which was transcribed into the Darkhold. The House of Chthon is one of the Vampire Houses out of the Twelve Houses. It's not a one-on-one this time, and is a good buildup from the previous encounter design. The Titans, sons of Ouranos and Chthon, Prevailed not: but, all indirect essays Despising, they by the strong hand, effortless, Yet by main force-supposed that they might seize Supremacy. He is responsible for the creation of many dark supernatural forces such as Witches, Werewolves, and Vampires. by Sarah Cooke. Scarlet Witch's connection to the elder god Chthon goes back to the moment of Wanda Maximoff's birth, and it almost destroyed her completely. Procession 5. See examples of ANTICHTHON used in a sentence. During the 3-part "Earth's Mightiest". 40 / 88. also chtho·ni·an adj. Cindy Moon, also known as Silk, is introduced at the end of Marvel’s Spider-Man 2. also chtho·ni·an adj. The last shrine in Act 3 is located at the north end of this area just before you leave the area to enter the Darkvale Gate map. 7 K. Tickling the palm of a mountainous hand. /x/ represents a fricative sound as in /lɒx/ for Scottish loch, Irish. However, there is a trap set inI originally saw the upcoming DVD release Blade: House of Chthon as another step down for the day walker. He stands for the sovereignty of masculinity, logic, and raw power. extrabright Oct 4, 2016 @ 7:10am. It is very similar to The Source and the Godwave of DC creating the new Gods and older Gods the first time the Godwave was released. A traveler might cross sands, then swamps, next snow, and then stone; further, the stone may bleed and the snow might burn like fire. This page is about how we pronounce the letters of the alphabet when we "say the alphabet (ABC. The Music Box, Glyphic Secrets is a unique Music Box that's available via the Antiquities system. Dr Manhattan (Watchmen) Chthon is being Overrated because of Wanda 😆😆😆😆. all chthon has to do is give him the darkhold. The ancient myth of autochthony in historiography is the belief of the historian, or of the tribe itself, that they were indigenous, the first humans to inhabit their possessed land. Dhaka Chthon is an Elder God who wrote the Darkhold. 词典 集合 测验 社会 贡献 CertificateWandaVision’s Scarlet Witch retcon and Chaos Magic reveal could lead to an ancient god who once ruled Earth joining the MCU in Phase 4. The term first occurs in 5th century BCE ethnographic passages. There are 634 recognized First Nations governments or bands across Canada. Shuma wins. if you meant an elder god Chthon then Shuma should still win. Top Battles with Chthon. 736 M. Chthon is an Elder God in the Marvel Universe, a being who ruled the Earth billions of years ago among "siblings" before their corruption, which caused them to turn on each other. While terms such as "Earth deity" or Earth mother have sweeping implications in English, the words khthonie and khthonios had a more precise and technical meaning in Greek, referring primarily to the manner of offering sacrifices to the deity in question. Nowhere does it say he created the mystical energies that comprises dark magic, any more than Doctor Strange being a master of the mystic arts means he created the magic of Earth 616. Chthonian definition: . Berkley Books, 1982 - Fantasy fiction - 226 pages. 1 Etymology 1. Learn more. login to vote. Some chthonic cults practised ritual sacrifice, which often happened. English pronunciation of chthonic chthonic How to pronounce chthonic UK /ˈθɒn. 75? $: US dollar. Eremite by Chthon, released 20 May 2023 1. Blade: Trinity feltJack Wilhelmi Updated November 20, 2023 14 min read. Chthon and Shub-Niggurath in Quake. Here, Jennifer Lowe explains how to. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. It's been shown in the comics the Scarlett Witch and Chthon go hand and hand as its Wanda's use of the book to become a vessel for Chthon to get back into the universe. The Darkhold was originally written on flesh and scribed by the Elder God Chthon. novel: Chthon: 1967-07-00: Piers Anthony: Ballantine Books: U6107:Do you pronounce the word “scone” to rhyme with “cone”, or to rhyme with “gone”? To those in the latter group, it is a posh affectation to use a long vowel for this staple item of. Scarlet Witch's future in Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness could be a battle between the Mind Stone and Chthon, master of Chaos Magic. Roughly half are located. Understanding phonetic spelling as a tool for pronunciation starts with learning what it is, exactly. It is initially dark, but will light up and reveal a shambler. Look through examples of Chthon translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. Chthon is clear enough—it’s a garnet mine/prison and Chthon in Greek myth is the underworld and gods of the underworld. To change, go to chrome://settings/content Exceptions#media-stream. Chthon was Piers Anthony’s first published novel in 1967, written over the course of seven years. Chthon. see the pronunciation key for a guide on how to write the sounds; sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations * is a wildcard that will match zero or more letters in the pronunciation. Trigon - vs - Chthon #. For American English, all the /r/ sounds should be pronounced. Listen to the pronunciation of Elder God (Cthulhu Mythos) and learn how to pronounce Elder God (Cthulhu Mythos) correctly. Traditionally, First Nations in Canada were peoples who lived south of the tree line, and mainly south of the Arctic Circle. chthon wins unless galactus just eats his realm. Chaos King Chthon was just a eldergod who created by demiroge ( the living life force of earth ) he escaped from the atum ( son of gaea ) and started to hiding himself from the god eater who even killed by thor in mighty thor 2011 series 😉 while chaos king was an aspect of oblivion who could destroy 98% of multiverse !Got another one to ask about. )". Nethermost Blasphemy Eremite is the debut album of Chthon, recorded through 2021 and 2022. chthonian - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. Chthon is the darkness itself . Act 4 Shrines. CHTHONIAN definition: of or relating to the underworld | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Chthon is one of the overarching antagonists and an immensely powerful supervillain from the Marvel Universe, as well as the arch-nemesis of both Osthur and Vishanti. Chthon: 1967-07-00: Piers Anthony: Ballantine Books: U6107: $0. C. 1. NYC2. The Sunken Reliquary in the Flooded Passage and the Steps of Torment doesn't have any Ch'thonic enemy, there's no blood of Ch'thon to be found there. Discover more about what it is and how to use it here. Killing Chthonians. As a member of the Elder Gods who first seeded the planet with sentient life, he's revered as one of the most. As a Hollywood star, he appeared in almost 100 films. He has a long history with the rest of the Gods in Marvel Comics, and his. ” This unusual word is often used in literature and mythology to describe things or beings associated with the underworld or the earth’s interior. Greek Mythology Of or relating to the underworld. The capital city is Necrom. It empowers you to learn, practice, and experiment with both British and American pronunciations wherever you are. Chthon is either destroyed or flees back to the MU after a very. -40. Forvo: the pronunciation dictionary. How to say Chthon in Greek? Pronunciation of Chthon with 4 audio pronunciations, 1 meaning and more for Chthon. login to vote. Originally posted by eaebiakuya. To properly pronounce chthon, follow these steps: 1. also chtho·ni·an adj. Catastrophe 7. 8. Chthon was the prison of the damned, and the man incarcerated here was damned, whether there was justice in it or no. chthon·ic (thŏn′ĭk) also. . The Scarlet Witch became a conduit of chaos magic, allowing her to shift probabilities and warp. One of the main ways for this villain to. Trigon Prime Earth. Look through examples of Chthon translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. In a possible future of Conan, the sentence "Ph'nglui mglw'nafh Ctulhu R'lyeh wgah-ngal fhtaga!" was chanted by the men of sea when they called for their god Dagon. All traits of a character are used for calculating the Classification. " A note on pronunciation: the ch is silent, so play and play . Enter the gold key gate, where up to two ogres wait. Mark Hamill is the voice of Chthon in The Super Hero Squad Show. 🐙 Chthon was created by Marvel Comics as one of the Elder Gods, the first gods of Earth. June 21, 2023. Cartea a fost publicată de Ballantine Books la 25 august 1967. Guillotine 8. he who sleeps that shall awaken). Dormammu doesn't, although he can use an astral figure of himself to wander about in the. It translates more directly from. Add shoshone details. It's a large Monster that lives in the pool of Lava in the center of the House of Chthon. HeartLesS 2 mo 8 d . First Death Marvel Chillers #1 ( July, 1975) (as the Other) Avengers #186 ( May, 1979) (as Chthon) Scarlet Witch Annual #1 ( June, 2023)Feb 26, 2022. How to use pronunciation in a sentence. Speaking through Wanda, Chthon tells the Avengers that Mount Wundagore was created to imprison him and the Darkhold. In the. He is a member of the elder-gods and a cosmic-tier villain comparable to both a god and a demon. Eremite 4. C - 1975 in the exchange of the root Cocc. Define Chthon. chthonic (not generally comparable, comparative more chthonic, superlative most chthonic) Dwelling within or under the earth. Blood of Ch'thon drops ONLY from Ch'thonics enemies (and their bloodsworn allies). Neither sandals nor scanty underclothes are implied in the use of this word. Chthon's power as an elder god puts him on par with the vishanti, but his invention/mastery of chaos magic puts him above. 3 Proper noun 1. In our Writing section you can learn more about how we write the letters of the alphabet. com is a free online audio pronunciation dictionary which helps anyone to learn the way a word or name is pronounced around the world by listening to its audio pronunciations by native speakers. Detroit4. Who would win in this Sped Battle. The. Phthor is the sequel to Chthon, less intricately structured and less complicated in plot, but still quite dark and ugly in theme and detail. Completion . Learn pronunciation. Os Elder Gods proliferaram em todo o planeta e o. Tchort 9. crossed aldol condensation of benzaldehyde and acetone; thank you gift bag ideas for adults; premier league top scorers 2017Chthon doesn't exactly have a ton of amazing bombastic feats to go over (he's more of a tell, don't show kind of case) but he's been clearly defined as a Elder God (one of the last surviving after. Pronunciation of chthon in English, a free online English pronunciation dictionary. Is there a pathfinder or D&D analog? I think it's obviously a medium, but I don't know under what context I'll be bringing this out onto the table. Create Variation 0. P. What does autochthonous mean? Information and translations of autochthonous in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Chthon first targeted Wanda Maximoff when she was a child, marking her as a potential vessel when he sensed her mutant abilities to harness chaos magic. An Archive of Our Own, a project of the Organization for Transformative WorksChthon comes from Earth's dimension/universe (aka Eternity) whereas Dormammu originated from a higher plane of existence called the Faltine. 00150000. Learn how to correctly say a. 3. Scarlet Witch Wanda MaximoffEarth-58163. Treasure Trove Guide. Bilhões de anos atrás, logo após a formação da Terra, o Demiurgo , a força vital da biosfera da Terra, semeou o jovem planeta com sua essência, criando uma raça de Deuses Anciões , os principais dos quais eram Chthon, e seus irmãos Set , Gaia e Oshtur . What people are saying - Write a review. It comes from chthōn, which means "earth" in Greek, and it is associated with things that dwell in or under the earth. Shuma is less powerful than either of the elder gods. Chthon originated in India from 200 B. In Quake, Chthon is the final boss at the end of the First Episode (and first boss out of two in the game) and the final boss of Dimension of the Machine. C'Thun (sometimes spelled C'thun[9][10] and pronounced "Kuh-THOON")[11] is the Old God of madness and chaos,[1] one of the four ancient and powerful creatures who ruled the world of Azeroth long ago before being defeated and imprisoned by servants of the titans. All the words in the world. When Mordo had encountered Stephen Strange, he invited him inside Kamar-Taj, despite the Ancient One's objections, and had later aided him with the conflict against. Greek Mythology Of or relating to the underworld. Chthon Earth-616. Team Beyonder vs Team The Living Tribunal. " This term is used to describe any place. View the translation, definition, meaning, transcription and examples for «Chthon», learn synonyms, antonyms, and listen to the pronunciation for «Chthon»View the translation, definition, meaning, transcription and examples for «Chthon», learn synonyms, antonyms, and listen to the pronunciation for «Chthon»The Superhero Database Classification number, or SHDB Class, is a number that represents the overall 'power' of a character. Chthon's energies give Eternity cancer and then he wins, or most likely gets stomped. I don't think Galactus has ever done anything like that on a. How to say chiton in English? Pronunciation of chiton with 5 audio pronunciations, 7 synonyms, 4 meanings, 7 translations, 3 sentences and more for chiton. Learn the definition of 'Chthon'. Learn the audio pronunciation, word origin and usage in the Bible, plus scripture verse references of Katachthonios. Chthon was Piers Anthony’s first published novel in 1967, written over the course of seven years. It features Aton Five, a space man who commits the crime of falling in love with the dangerous alluring Minionette and is. He started it when he was in the US Army, so it has a long prison sequence that is reminiscent of that experience, being dark. What does chthonic mean? Information and translations of chthonic in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. chthonianly synonyms, chthonianly pronunciation, chthonianly translation, English dictionary definition of chthonianly. Based on scale of Scarlet Witch powers & Darkhold artifact being on par with Book of Vishanti I can see why some would say he can beat Shuma. w. HowToPronounce. Find this book at. R2 chthon vs Hela in Hel. ". chthon·ic (thŏn′ĭk) also. What does CHTHONIAN mean? Information and translations of CHTHONIAN in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. While the pronunciation is actually fairly straightforward, most people won't get it right before hearing it. 611 ratings24 reviews. 1.